Ronald Hendel states that it is a passive form: 'ones who have fallen', grammatically analogous to paqid 'one who is appointed' (i.e., a deputy or overseer), asir 'one who is bound' (i.e., a prisoner), etc. Robert Baker Girdlestone argued in 1871 the word comes from the hif'il causative stem, implying that the Nephilim are to be perceived as 'those that cause others to fall down'. Many suggested interpretations are based on the assumption that the word is a derivative of Hebrew verbal root n-p-l ( נ־פ־ל) "fall". The Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon (1908) gives the meaning of Nephilim as " giants", and holds that proposed etymologies of the word are "all very precarious". According to the Book of Numbers 13:33, a report from ten of the Twelve Spies was given of them inhabiting Canaan at the time of the Israelite conquest of Canaan.Ī similar or identical biblical Hebrew term, read as "Nephilim" by some scholars, or as the word "fallen" by others, appears in the Book of Ezekiel 32:27 and is also mentioned in the deuterocanonical books Judith 16:6, Sirach 16:7, Baruch 3:26–28, and Wisdom 14:6. The main reference to them is in Genesis 6:1–4, but the passage is ambiguous and the identity of the Nephilim is disputed. Some Jewish explanations interpret them as hybrid sons of fallen angels ( demigods). The word Nephilim is loosely translated as giants in most translations of the Hebrew Bible, but left untranslated in others. The Nephilim ( / ˈ n ɛ f ɪ ˌ l ɪ m/ Hebrew: נְפִילִים Nəfīlīm) are mysterious beings or people in the Hebrew Bible who are described as being large and strong. The Fall of the Rebel Angels by Hieronymus Bosch, based on Genesis 6:1–4
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